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中国高翻团队倾力之作
全文字数：1504字
阅读时间：15分钟
上期翻译答案
The bellicose defense of the sanctity of the gas rangewas largely fueled byconservative men, whose typical macho act doesn’t usually entail embracing the feminized work of cooking on the stove.
对燃气灶神圣地位的激烈捍卫，很大程度上是由保守派男性推动的，他们典型的大男子主义行为通常不包括接受在煤气灶上做饭这种女性化的工作。
1. bellicose: behaving in a way that is likely to start an argument or fight
2. macho: behaving in a way that is traditionally typical of men, for example being strong or brave, or not showing your feelings – used humorously or in order to show disapproval
3. entail: to involve something as a necessary part or result
《本期内容》
双语阅读
Chess experts make more mistakes when air pollution is high, a study has found. Experts used computer models to analyse the quality of games played and found that with a modest increase in fine particulate matter, the probability that chess players wouldmake an errorincreased by 2.1 percentage points, and themagnitudeof those errors increased by 10.8%.
一项研究发现，当空气污染度高时，象棋专家更容易失误。专家们利用计算机模型分析了棋手下棋的质量，发现随着细颗粒物在一定程度上的增加，棋手失误的概率增加了2.1个百分点，失误的程度增加了10.8%。
The paper, published in the journal Management Science, studied the performance of 121 chess players in three seven-round tournaments in Germany in 2017, 2018, and 2019, comprising more than 30,000 chess moves. The researchers compared the actual moves the players made against theoptimalmoves determined by the powerful chess engine Stockfish.
这篇发表在《管理科学》杂志上的论文研究了121名棋手在2017年、2018年和2019年在德国举办的三场七轮锦标赛中的表现，共包含3万多步棋。研究人员对比了棋手当时的走法和强大的国际象棋引擎“鱼干”确定的最佳走法。
In the tournament venues, the researchers attached three web-connected air quality sensors to measure carbon dioxide, PM2.5 concentrations, and temperature. Each tournament lasted eight weeks, meaning players faced a variety of air conditions. Fine particulate matter, or PM2.5, refers to tiny particles 2.5 microns or less in diameter, which are often expelled by burning matter such as that from car engines, coal plants, forest fires, and wood burners.
在锦标赛场馆内，研究人员安装了三个联网的空气质量传感器来检测二氧化碳、PM2.5浓度和温度。每场比赛都持续8周的时间，意味着棋手们面临着各种各样的空气条件。细颗粒物，也即PM2.5，指的是直径小于或等于2.5微米的微小颗粒，通常由汽车发动机、煤炭厂、森林火灾和木柴炉等燃烧物排出。
Researchers looked at historical data to see if their findings werereplicated, using data from 20 years of games from the first division of the German chess league. After accounting for other causes such as noise, temperature changes and carbon dioxide concentrations, they found air pollutionaccounted fordips in player performance.
研究人员回溯了历史数据，来看看是否能得到同样的发现，他们使用的数据来自于德国国际象棋联赛第一赛区共计20年的比赛。在考虑了噪音、温度变化和二氧化碳浓度等其他因素后，他们发现空气污染造成棋手表现下滑的原因。
“It’s pure random exposure to air pollution that is driving these people’s performance,” Palacios said. “Against comparable opponents in the same tournament round, being exposed to different levels of air quality makes a difference for move quality and decision quality.” Chess.com’s Leon Watson said that professional players were already monitoring air quality while they played: “Cognition is obviously incredibly important in chess and already some of the top players like Magnus Carlsen and Anish Giri havecottoned on tohow important air quality is.”
帕拉西奥斯说：“纯粹是随机地暴露在空气污染下，影响了这些人的表现。”翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~国际象棋网站的里昂·沃森说，职业棋手在下棋时已经开始监测空气质量了：“认知能力在象棋中显然非常重要，像马格努斯·卡尔森和阿尼什·吉里这样的顶级棋手已经意识到了空气质量的重要性。”
本文节选自：The Guardian（卫报）
发布时间：2023.02.02
作者：Helena Horton
原文标题：Air pollution causes chess players to make more mistakes, study finds
词汇积累
1.magnitude
英/ ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd /美/ ˈmæɡnɪtuːd /
n.巨大，重要性；震级；规模，大小；数量，数值；（恒星的）亮度，星等
2.optimal
英/ ˈɒptɪməl /美/ ˈɑːptɪməl /
adj.最佳的，最适的
3.replicate
英/ ˈreplɪkeɪt /美/ ˈreplɪkeɪt /
v.重复，复制；（遗传物质或生物）自我繁殖，自我复制；复证（实验或试验以得出一致的结果）
adj.复制的；（实验或试验）复现的
n.复制品；（乐）高（或低）八度反复音
词组搭配
1.make an error 出差错；犯错误；出错
2.account for 对…负有责任；对…做出解释；说明……的原因；导致；（比例）占
3.cotton on to 发生好感
写作句总结
原句：“Cognition is obviously incredibly important in chess and already some of the top players like Magnus Carlsen and Anish Giri have cottoned on to how important air quality is.”
结构：sth is obviously incredibly important in doing sth, and already some people have cottoned on to XX.
例句：Saving energy is obviously incredibly important in fighting climate change, and already some people have cottoned on to the importance of switching to energy efficient light bulbs.
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